The following was a unsolicited commentary by A. John Marsh on a geaneology DNA page which scientis use to discuss mtDna origin. This is not the complete discussion . However it sums up the analysis.
T2 BIGFOOTS FOUND IN 5 DIFFERENT STATES:
Along with the fact that all Bigfoots seem to have several different mtDNA mutations from each other, they also are found in 5 different states. It suggests that if a single T2b human female mated with a Bigfoot male 13,000 years ago, that the descendants of the T2b ancestor have spread widely in USA since then.
AGE OF T2b:
Web site
http://www.nature.co.../srep00745.html
If T2b is 12-10kya, and T1/ T2 coalesced about 19kya, T2b might very roughly originate about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago.
THINGS I NOTED ABOUT MUTATIONS DIFFERENT IN BIGFOOT AND HUMANS:
One thing I noted was that all the 52 number diverse T2b haplogroup listed humans in the T2 project had a mutation 146T, but none of the Bigfoot had that mutation. It seems in fact that all T haplogroup have 146T. I am guessing that the earliest common ancestor of all Bigfoots had a back mutation on that marker to the CRS value.
Another thing I noticed was that all Bigfoots which appear to have been tested on the lower number markers, have mutation 73G. Yet not one of the
52 human mtDNA T2b persons had the mutation 73G. Why not? Was 73G a very early mutation in the Bigfoot line?
All the fully tested 4 Bigfoots had the 263G mutation, but not one single one of the 52 humans had 263G. Why not?
It seems all human T2bs have have 16187C and 16189T, but no bigfoots have either. In fact, all human haplgroup T are postive for both these mutations, so presumably in the common ancestor of all Bigfoots there was a mutation reverting to CRS.
According to the Ketchum knockers, all the mtDNA Haplotypes in her project are modern contamination. All of these Bigfoot haplotypes are different.
Isn't it a bit puzzling that all of these humans mistaken as Bigfoot have different T2 mtDNA haplotypes, all have 73G and 263G mutations not found in humans, and all seem to have had back mutations on 146T, 16187C and 16189T, where these back mutations are apparently not found in any human T2b s?
This study showed that lineage expansions and population expansions in 3 continents began before Neolithic Time. In Africa, 11 lineages (L0a1a, L1b1a3, L1b1a, L2a1a, L2a1c, L2a1, L3b1a, L3e1, L3e2a, L3e2b and L3d1–5) out of 15 star lineages shared by different populations were estimated to coalesce above 10 kya, and African samples also showed a 5-fold growth ~15−11 kya, while agriculture in Africa emerged ~7 kya. In Europe, all the autochthonous expansion lineages (H1, H3, U5a, U5a1, V) were older than 10 kya, and Europe witnessed a major population expansion from ~13 kya to nowadays, while the appearance of farming in Europe were after 10 kya. In Americas, the ages of 4 founding and expansion lineages (A2, B2, C1 and D1) were older than 13 kya. The American population also showed a demographic leap 12−8 kya. When the different regions entered the Neolithic Time in ~11−6 kya, agriculture offered the possibility of further population growth. Considering results in current and previous study, global mtDNA evidence showed that rising temperature after Last Glacial Maximum offered amiable environments and might be the most important factor for prehistorical human expansions.
Ethnic group Haplotype Haplogroup
Arab IRQ047 B4b1 1 16136C 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16217C 16519C 73G 263G 309.1C 315.1C 408A 499A
Arab IRQ084 B4c1c 1 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16217C 16519C 73G 150T 195C 263G 279C 309.1C 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ150 H11 1 16311C 16519C 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ050 H14a 1 16209C 16256T 16352C 16362C 16519C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ014 H14a1 1 16256T 16352C 146C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ021 H15 1 55.1T 57C 59C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ078 H29 1 16519C 93G 263G 309.1C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL 573.1C 573.2C 573.3C 573.4C
Arab IRQ043 H2a2b 1 16291T 16390A 16519C 199C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 573.1C
Arab IRQ133 H2a3 1 16167T 16274A 16488T 16519C 152C 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C
Arab IRQ057 H5 1 16304C 73G 263G 309.1C 315.1C 456T 524.1A 524.2C 524.3A 524.4C
Arab IRQ041 H5 1 16304C 263G 315.1C 456T 524.1A 524.2C
Kurd IRQ042 H5 1 16051G 16255A 16304C 16319A 16327T 263G 315.1C 456T
Arab IRQ143 H5 1 16271Y 16304C 263G 315.1C 373G 456T
Arab IRQ111 H5 1 16051G 16304C 16319A 16327T 227G 263G 315.1C 456T 508G
Arab IRQ074 H6b 1 16294T 16300G 16362C 16482G 44.1C 152C 204C 239C 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C
Arab IRQ077 H7c1 1 16265G 16298C 151T 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 524.1A 524.2C 573.1C 573.2C
Arab IRQ064 HV1 1 16067T 16166G 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 498DEL
Assyrian IRQ160 HV1 1 16067T 16215G 16234T 16327T 16335G 16519C 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ098 HV1 1 16067T 16519C 263G 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Mandaean IRQ180 HV12a 1 16220C 16292T 16519C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ185 HV12a 1 16220C 16292T 16519C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ183 HV12a 1 16220C 16292T 16519C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ182 HV12a 1 16220C 16292T 16519C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ177 HV12a 1 16220C 16292T 16519C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ190 HV12a 1 16220C 16292T 16519C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ067 HV1a1 1 16067T 16284G 16355T 150T 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 524.1A 524.2C
Arab IRQ128 HV1a1 1 16067T 16355T 150T 263G 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ038 HV1b1 1 16067T 16274A 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C
Arab IRQ169 HV4a 1 16221T 16260T 16319A 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 524.1A 524.2C
Arab IRQ045 I 1 16129A 16154C 16169T 16223T 16391A 16519C 73G 199C 204C 250C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 573.1C 573.2C 573.3C
Arab IRQ049 I1 1 16129A 16223T 16294T 16311C 16391A 16519C 73G 199C 204C 250C 263G 315.1C 455.1T 573.1C 573.2C 573.3C 573.4C 573.5C
Arab IRQ147 I1 1 16129A 16223T 16264T 16270T 16311C 16319A 16362C 16391A 16519C 73G 199C 204C 250C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 455.1T 573.1C 573.2C 573.3C
Kurd IRQ070 J1b 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16261T 16519C 73G 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ081 J1b 1 16069T 16086C 16126C 16145A 16222T 16261T 16390A 73G 150T 263G 266C 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C 573.1C
Assyrian IRQ164 J1b 1 16069T 16093Y 16126C 16145A 16222T 16223T 16261T 16274A 73G 199C 263G 295T 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ028 J1b 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16222T 16261T 16290T 16526A 73G 153G 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ019 J1b 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16222T 16248T 16261T 73G 263G 295T 315.1C 462T 489C
Kurd IRQ196 J1b 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16261T 16519C 73G 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ094 J1b 1 16069T 16126C 16129A 16145A 16261T 16355T 73G 152C 263G 295T 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ135 J1b 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16222T 16261T 73G 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C 498T
Arab IRQ114 J1b 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16222T 16261T 73G 263G 295T 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ060 J1b1b1 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16519C 73G 114G 146C 263G 271T 295T 315.1C 462T 489C 523DEL 524DEL
Assyrian IRQ157 J1b3 1 16069T 16126C 16145A 16222T 16235G 16261T 16271C 16519C 73G 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ088 J1c 1 16069T 16075C 16126C 16290T 16527T 73G 146C 185A 228A 263G 295T 315.1C 462T 489C
Kurd IRQ107 J1c 1 16069T 16126C 16148T 73G 185A 228A 263G 295T 315.1C 462T 489C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ017 J1d 1 16069T 16126C 16193T 16212G 16368C 16519C 55.1T 57C 59C 71DEL 73G 152C 182T 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C
Mandaean IRQ175 J1d 1 16069T 16126C 16193T 16519C 73G 152C 263G 295T 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ012 J1d1 1 16069T 16126C 16193T 16300G 16309G 73G 152C 263G 295T 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ096 J1d1 1 16069T 16126C 16129A 16193T 16300G 16354T 16519C 73G 152C 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ031 J1d2 1 16069T 16126C 16186T 16193T 16519C 73G 152C 263G 295T 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 462T 489C
Arab IRQ100 J2a2 1 16069T 16126C 16299G 16519C 73G 150T 189R 195C 207A 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 489C
Arab IRQ093 J2a2a 1 16069T 16126C 16264T 16311C 73G 150T 152C 195C 235G 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 489C
Arab IRQ119 J2a2a 1 16051G 16069T 16126C 16188T 16311C 73G 150T 152C 195C 235G 263G 295T 315.1C 489C
Arab IRQ040 K 1 16189C 16224C 16311C 16519C 73G 146C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ058 K1a 1 16224C 16311C 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C 485C 497T
Arab IRQ051 K1a 1 16224C 16311C 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C 497T 575T
Arab IRQ071 K1a 1 16189C 16190T 16193.1C 16224C 16265C 16286T 16311C 16519C 73G 195C 263G 315.1C 497T 544T
Mandaean IRQ173 K1a 1 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16224C 16311C 16519C 73G 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 497T
Assyrian IRQ151 K1a 1 16093C 16224C 16278T 16311C 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C 497T
Arab IRQ082 K1a 1 16172C 16224C 16231C 16263C 16311C 16519C 73G 152C 199C 263G 286G 315.1C 497T 524.1A 524.2C 524.3A 524.4C
Arab IRQ110 K1a8 1 16224C 16311C 16362C 16519C 73G 263G 295A 309.1C 315.1C 497T
Arab IRQ115 L0a2a2 1 16148T 16172C 16187T 16188G 16189C 16223T 16230G 16311C 16320T 16519C 64T 93G 152C 189G 204C 207A 236C 247A 263G 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ136 L0a2c 1 16148T 16172C 16187T 16188A 16189C 16214T 16223T 16230G 16234T 16311C 16519C 64T 93G 95C 152C 189G 236C 247A 263G 309.1C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ010 L1c2b2 1 16093C 16129A 16187T 16189C 16223T 16265C 16278T 16286G 16294T 16311C 16320T 16360T 16519C 16527T 73G 151T 152C 182T 186A 189C 195C 198T 247A 263G 297G 315.1C 316A 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ148 L1c3 1 16129A 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16215G 16223T 16278T 16294T 16311C 16355T 16360T 16390A 16519C 73G 151T 152C 182T 183G 186A 189C 247A 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 316A 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ052 L2a1 1 16189C 16223T 16278T 16294T 16309G 16390A 73G 143A 146C 152C 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ171 L2a1 1 16131C 16189C 16223T 16225T 16234T 16278T 16294T 16309G 16390A 73G 146C 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ059 L2a1a3 1 16093C 16150T 16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C 16223T 16278T 16294T 16309G 16390A 73G 143A 146C 152C 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ046 L2a1c5 1 16129A 16223T 16278T 16294T 16309G 16390A 16519C 73G 143A 146C 152C 195C 207A 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ118 L2a1c5 1 16129A 16223T 16278T 16294T 16309G 16390A 16519C 73G 143A 146C 152C 195C 207A 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ170 L3b 1 16093C 16124C 16223T 16278T 16362C 16519C 73G 200G 263G 309.1C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ130 L3b 1 16180G 16223T 16278T 16362C 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ075 L3e5 1 16037G 16041G 16223T 73G 150T 263G 315.1C 398C 523DEL 524DEL
Kurd IRQ138 L3e5 1 16037G 16041G 16223T 73G 150T 263G 315.1C 398C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ032 L3f1b 1 16209C 16223T 16292T 16311C 16519C 73G 146C 185A 189G 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ104 L3f1b 1 16209C 16223T 16278T 16292T 16311C 16519C 73G 189G 200G 263G 279Y 315.1C
Arab IRQ125 L3f1b 1 16209C 16223T 16292T 16311C 16519C 73G 150T 200G 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ117 L3f1b1 1 16129A 16209C 16223T 16292T 16295T 16311C 16355T 16519C 73G 189G 200G 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ200 L3i2 1 16223T 16260T 16311C 16519C 73G 150T 152C 189G 263G 315.1C 504C 523DEL 524DEL
Assyrian IRQ163 M1 1 16129A 16182C 16183C 16189C 16223T 16249C 16311C 16519C 73G 195C 235G 263G 309.1C 315.1C 489C
Kurd IRQ194 M1a1 1 16129A 16182C 16183C 16189C 16223T 16249C 16311C 16359C 16360T 16519C 73G 195C 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 489C
Assyrian IRQ020 N1b1 1 16145A 16176G 16223T 16390R 16519C 73G 152C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ149 N1b1 1 16093C 16145A 16176G 16223T 16390A 16519C 73G 152C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ089 N1b1 1 16145A 16176G 16223T 16243C 16390A 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ112 N1b1 1 16145A 16176G 16223T 16390A 73G 214G 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ109 N9b1b 1 16129A 16189C 16319A 16390A 16519C 73G 150T 197G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ083 R* 1 16129A 16153A 16192Y 73G 150T 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ007 R* 1 16311C 73G 150T 207A 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ024 R* 1 73G 150T 185A 195C 263G 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ056 R0 1 16248T 16311C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 480C
Arab IRQ055 R0 1 16214T 16311C 16519C 143A 263G 309.1C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Assyrian IRQ061 R0 1 16051G 16172C 16519C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ062 R0 1 16519C 73R 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ079 R0 1 16093C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ063 R0 1 16188T 16519C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ153 R0 1 16093C 16519C 263G 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ161 R0 1 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16316G 16362C 16519C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ159 R0 1 16519C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ156 R0 1 16129A 16189Y 16287T 16311C 204C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ053 R0 1 16519C 152Y 200G 228A 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ039 R0 1 16209C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ030 R0 1 16086C 16192A 16362C 150T 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Kurd IRQ199 R0 1 16519C 16524C 263G 315.1C
Kurd IRQ195 R0 1 16368C 16519C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ099 R0 1 16320Y 16519C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ025 R0 1 16311C 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 480C
Arab IRQ022 R0 1 16311C 152C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ015 R0 1 16519C 195C 263G 280T 315.1C
Arab IRQ013 R0 1 16317G 263G 270G 309.1C 315.1C 524.1A 524.2C 524.3A 524.4C
Arab IRQ139 R0 1 16319A 16368C 42.1T 259G 263G 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ162 R0 1 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16316G 16519C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ142 R0 1 16311C 16391A 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ141 R0 1 16189C 16316G 16355T 16519C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ091 R0 1 16187T 146C 189G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ123 R0 1 263G 315.1C 524.1A 524.2C 524.3A 524.4C
Assyrian IRQ121 R0 1 16263C 114T 150T 227T 263G 315.1C 573.1C
Arab IRQ116 R0 1 16519C 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ106 R0a 1 16126C 16145A 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16232A 16362C 64T 263G 309.1C 309.2C 309.3C 315.1C 570T
Arab IRQ009 R0a1a 1 16126C 16185T 16355T 16362C 16519C 58C 64T 146C 153G 211G 235G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ166 R0a2c 1 16126C 16150T 16304C 16362C 58C 60.1T 64T 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ172 R0a2c 1 16126C 16304C 16362C 58C 60.1T 64T 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ044 R0a2d 1 16126C 16224C 16362C 58C 60.1T 64T 152C 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C
Arab IRQ069 R0a2i 1 16092C 16519C 58C 60.1T 64T 263G 293C 309.1C 315.1C 573.1C
Arab IRQ065 R0a2i 1 16092C 16126C 16362C 60.1T 64T 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ048 R5a2 1 16266T 16294T 16297C 16304C 16311C 16355T 16356C 16519C 16524C 73G 152C 263G 315.1C 321C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ102 T 1 16126C 16286T 16294T 16362C 16519C 73G 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ016 T1 1 16093C 16126C 16163G 16189C 16294T 16356C 73G 152C 263G 315.1C
Kurd IRQ129 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16274A 16294T 16519C 73G 263G 309.1C 315.1C 512G
Arab IRQ168 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16294T 16519C 73G 146C 152C 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ191 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16243C 16294T 16519C 73G 152C 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ187 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16243C 16294T 16519C 73G 152C 195C 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ186 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16243C 16294T 16519C 73G 152C 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ181 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16243C 16294T 16519C 73G 152C 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ097 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16294T 16519C 73G 152C 204C 249DEL 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ108 T1a 1 16126C 16163G 16186T 16189C 16248T 16266T 16271C 16294T 16311C 16519C 73G 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Kurd IRQ198 T1b 1 16126C 16163G 16189C 16243C 16247G 16294T 16519C 73G 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 524.1A 524.2C
Arab IRQ068 T2 1 16126C 16294T 16296T 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ076 T2 1 16126C 16294T 16296T 16399G 16519C 73G 195C 246C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ018 T2 1 16126C 16213A 16294T 16296T 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ145 T2a1b 1 16126C 16294T 16324C 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ085 T2a1b 1 16126C 16294T 16324C 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ113 T2b 1 16093C 16126C 16294T 16296T 16304C 16519C 73G 151T 189R 263G 315.1C 520T
Assyrian IRQ158 T2c 1 16051G 16126C 16292T 16294T 16296T 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ188 T2c 1 16126C 16292T 16294T 16296T 16354T 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ189 T2c 1 16126C 16292T 16294T 16296T 16354T 16519C 73G 263G 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ176 T2c 1 16126C 16146G 16192T 16292T 16294T 16296T 16519C 73G 216C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ086 T2e 1 16126C 16153A 16233C 16257T 16294T 16325C 16390R 16399G 16519C 73G 146C 150T 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ066 U1a1 1 16129A 16169T 16182C 16183C 16189C 16249C 16274A 16519C 73G 263G 285T 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 385G 523DEL 524DEL 573.1C 573.2C 573.3C 573.4C 573.5C
Mandaean IRQ174 U1a1 1 16183C 16188T 16189C 16193.1C 73G 195C 263G 285T 309.1C 315.1C 385G 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ101 U1a1 1 16129A 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16249C 16288C 16362C 73G 152C 195C 263G 285T 309.1C 315.1C 385G 523DEL 524DEL 573.1C 573.2C
Arab IRQ087 U1a1 1 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16215G 16249C 73G 263G 285T 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 385G
Kurd IRQ197 U1b 1 16111T 16214A 16249C 16319A 16327T 16519C 73G 146C 152C 263G 285T 315.1C 572T
Arab IRQ103 U1c 1 16129A 16182C 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16249C 16355T 73G 152C 204C 263G 285T 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 455.1T
Arab IRQ027 U2d 1 16051G 16184T 16234T 16294T 16342C 16519C 73G 152C 199C 315.1C 471C
Assyrian IRQ152 U2e1 1 16051G 16129C 16183C 16189C 16193.1C 16235G 16256T 16362C 73G 152C 217C 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 340T 508G 524.1A 524.2C
Arab IRQ036 U3 1 16343G 73G 150T 195C 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ054 U3 1 16086C 16343G 73G 150T 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ023 U3 1 16203G 16343G 73G 150T 263G 309.1C 315.1C 334C 523DEL 524DEL
Assyrian IRQ155 U3 1 16168T 16343G 16355T 73G 150T 263G 309.1C 315.1C 343.1A 343.2T 343.3C 523DEL 524DEL
Kurd IRQ192 U3 1 16193T 16249C 16343G 16526A 73G 150T 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ134 U3 1 16343G 73G 150T 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ095 U3a 1 16129A 16343G 16390A 16519C 73G 150T 263G 315.1C
Arab IRQ008 U4 1 16287T 16356C 16519C 73G 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 499A 524.1A 524.2C
Arab IRQ029 U4 1 16086C 16356C 16519C 73G 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 499A 524.1A 524.2C
Kurd IRQ193 U4 1 16356C 16519C 73G 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 499A 524.1A 524.2C
Arab IRQ037 U4a2 1 16356C 16362C 16519C 73G 195C 263G 310C 499A 524.1A 524.2C
Assyrian IRQ154 U4a2 1 16311C 16356C 16519C 73G 228A 263G 310C 499A 524.1A 524.2C
Arab IRQ072 U5a1 1 16192T 16256T 16270T 16399G 73G 263G 309.1C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ092 U5a1 1 16256T 16270T 16295T 16399G 16519C 64T 73G 146C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ146 U6a4 1 16134T 16172C 16219G 16278T 16519C 73G 150T 199C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 373G
Arab IRQ035 U7 1 16309G 16318T 16519C 73G 151T 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ073 U7 1 16167T 16256T 16318T 16368C 16519C 73G 151T 152C 263G 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Kurd IRQ034 U7 1 16309G 16318T 16519C 73G 151T 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ144 U7 1 16069T 16227G 16318T 16359C 16519C 73G 151T 152C 263G 309.1C 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ105 U7 1 16126C 16148T 16213A 16309G 16318C 16519C 73G 146C 151T 152C 195C 263G 292.1A 294.1T 315.1C 523DEL 524DEL
Arab IRQ080 U9a 1 16051G 16129A 16259T 16278T 16291T 73G 263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 499A
Arab IRQ132 U9a 1 16051G 16278T 73G 263G 315.1C 499A
Kurd IRQ033 W 1 16153A 16223T 16292T 16294T 16519C 73G 152C 189G 194T 195C 199C 204C 207A 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ131 W 1 16223T 16519C 73G 146C 152C 189G 194T 200G 204C 207A 226C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Arab IRQ140 X2 1 16189C 16223T 16265G 16278T 16519C 73G 153G 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Assyrian IRQ137 X2 1 16169T 16189C 16223T 16278T 16519C 73G 153G 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
Mandaean IRQ178 X2d 1 16093Y 16182C 16183C 16189C 16209C 16223T 16278T 16320T 16362C 16519C 73G 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
L3e2b
16172C 16183C 16189C 16223T 16320T 16519C 73G 150T 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
73G 150T 195C 263G 309.1C 315.1C
U5b
16147T 16189C 16193.1C 16270T 16519C 73G 150T 263G 309.1C 315.1C
73G 150T 263G 309.1C 315.1C
J1c16
16069T 16126C 16218T 73G 152C 182T 185A 228A 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C
73G 152C 182T 185A 228A 263G 295T 309.1C 315.1C 462T 489C
73 150 195 263 315.1 16223 16320 16519. or 16519, 16320, 16223, 315.1, 263, 195, 150, 73
Germany
Oberkassel [998]
12,000 BC
U5b1
16192!
ypsy descend from the Pharaoh Cat people or Jewish Gurna in Reply with quote
Gypsy descend from the Pharaoh Cat people or Jewish Gurna in Thebes
alyarchuk proposes a Romani linkage to J1 distribution from the Indo-Pakistani region via Romany migration to Europe, also previous research into J1 distribution among ethnicities of India and Pakistan.
"Mitochondrial DNA Variability in Slovaks, with Application to the Roma Origin"
"Previously, we have found that the Polish Roma population is characterized by high incidence (18.8%) of haplogroup J1* lineage, defined by HVS I motif 16069–16126-16145–16222-16235–16261-16271 (Malyarchuk et al. 2006a). This and a similar haplotype, lacking only the 16271 transition, are very rare in European Roma populations, being found only in the Spanish, Bulgarian and Hungarian Roma (Gresham et al. 2001; Egyed et al. 2007).
Among Europeans, such haplotypes have been revealed only in French (0.5%; Dubut et al. 2004), Hungarian (0.5%; Egyed et al. 2007) and Czech (about 3%; Vanecek et al. 2004; Malyarchuk et al. 2006b) populations.
In the present study, we have found that 2.9% of individuals from eastern Slovakia are characterized by exactly the same J1*-haplotype. Taking into account its similarity with J1-haplotypes revealed in Southwestern Pakistani populations (Quintana-Murci et al. 2004) and thus assuming that this haplotype might have been characteristic of the ancestral Romani population (Malyarchuk et al. 2006a), we completely sequenced two J1*-samples revealed in Slovakia (Fig. 2). Comparison with published data (pooled in MitoMap mtDNA tree (Ruiz-Pesini et al. 2007)) demonstrated that these J1*-haplotypes belong to a new subhaplogroup J1a defined by transition at 8460.
This subhaplogroup appears to be a sister clade to subhaplogroup J1b. Therefore, the J1a contribution to the Roma, and through them to some European gene pools, can be caused by gene flow from Indo-Pakistani region.
One of the haplogroup J Slovak sample (Slv174; 16069–16126–16261–73–263–295) was characterized by uncertain HVS II motif, due to the lack of any subhaplogroup-diagnostic mutation according to classification developed in Palanichamy et al. (2004) and Carelli et al. (2006). To determine its phylogenetic status, we completely sequenced this sample and found that it belongs to subhaplogroup J1c being accompanied by transition at 14798, despite the lack of diagnostic mutation at position 228. It is unclear however, whether this sample should occupy the ancestral node for J1c-phylogeny or it is the result of back-mutation at position 228 (Fig. 2)."
The Quintana-Murci article regarding J1 being found in Baloch and other Pakistani population is here:
Then there is the work of Dr. Doron Behar, who is on the Board of FTDNA and in speaking of Iranians, refers to "The Iraqi Jewish mtDNAswithin Hg J1 had the hallmark of control region haplotype 16069-16126-16145-16222-16261- 73-263-295
mtDNA haplotypes in Slovak populations include Roma gypsies
69 126 145 222 235 261 271 73 263 295 309iC J1a E(2)
69 126 145 222 235 261 271 73 263 295 309iC 315iC J1a E(1)
69 126 145 222 235 261 271 290 73 263 295 309iC 315iC J1a E(1)
69 126 145 172 222 261 73 242 263 295 309iC 315iC J1b1 W(1)
69
Theses are mtDNA from Kalderash Siaewi
73 263 295 309i
Your Official Report
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LOCATION 73 150 195 263 315.1 16223 16320 16519
REFERENCE A C T A : C C T
Major Frank Warren G T C G C T T C
haplogroup K2-M70, which I believe to be closely related to haplogroup L-M11
Dienekes Pontikos wrote:
> > Haplogroup L-M11 is frequent in parts of the
> Caucasus, and it was
> > found at a frequency of around 5% in Calabria, as
> well as in Greece,
> > Turkey, Georgia, Hungary, etc.
>
> Actually, L-M11 is the prominent Haplogroup of
> Indo-Iranians. In days of
> Darius I, the Medo-Persians (in other words
> Indo-Iranians) established
> intensive administratve presence in many parts of
> Greek World.
>
> Dienekes Pontikos wrote:
> > Presumably L could have arrived to Southern Italy
> by either Neolithic
> > farmers, or the Greeks.
>
> There is no need to stipulate the "Neolitic" sources
> for the expansions
> which are well documented in the recorded history of
> relatively recent
> times. In the case of L-M11, it is the Persian
> Conquest of Eastern
> Mediterranean.
>
> Likewise, K2-M70 is distributed across the areas
> related to Greek
> civilization.
> Actually, L-M11 is the prominent Haplogroup of Indo-Iranians. In days of
> Darius I, the Medo-Persians (in other words Indo-Iranians) established
> intensive administratve presence in many parts of Greek World.
tatistical Analysis
The DNA sequences were aligned using Clustal X ver. 1.81. (Thompson et al. 1997). The MEGA program (Kumar et al. 1994) was employed to identify each haplotype using the complete deletion option, with no assumption of traditional haplotypes definition. In this way 278 nucleotidic positions were conserved (for each of the 322 individuals studied for the analysis of Gurna vs. other Nile valley populations) and 281 nucleotide positions were conserved (for each of the 890 individuals studied for the analysis of Gurna vs. Near East populations). The genetic structure of the population was analyzed using AMOVA (24) and F or φ statistics (Excoffier et al. 1992; Weir & Cokerham, 1984) of various populations using the Arlequin 2.0 program (Schneider et al. 2000). We estimated the genetic variation attributable to differences among localities using pre-specified hierarchical groups (φsc), among localities across the entire study area (φst), and among pre-specified hierarchical groups (φct).
An exact test of population differentiation was performed using a Markov chain with 1000 iterations. The Kimura 2P distance option was selected.
The pairwise Fst can be used to describe the short-term genetic distance between populations, with the application of a slight transformation to linearize the distance with population divergence time (Reynolds et al. 1983). A phenogram based on 12 populations using Fst values (on a matrix of coancestry coefficients (Reynolds et al. 1983)) and the Neighbor-Joining (NJ) (Saitou & Nei, 1987) clustering algorithm was calculated. A control population (South African Bantu speaking population, Soodyall et al. 1996) was used as an outgroup.
A network was drawn using the TCS 1.13 package. This is a method that connects existing haplotypes in a minimum spanning tree, which is essentially a parsimony method. This method starts calculating the overall limits of parsimony for the complete data set using a statistic from neutral coalescent theory (Hudson, 1989). The phylogenetical reconstruction algorithm was described in (Templeton et al. 1992).
Results
Sequence Data of Gurna Population
Both hypervariable segments (HV1 and HV2) of the control region were sequenced. Sequence polymorphisms and results of RFLP analysis are reported in Table 1 for the 34 individuals from Gurna. Sequence polymorphisms of the HV1 Region for the 24 individuals from Upper Egypt are reported in Table 2.
Table 1. Sequence polymorphisms of the Control Region, RFLP analysis and Haplogroups of Gurna Subject ID# HVS-I variation(a) HVS-II variation(a) Diagnostic RFLP markers Haplogroup
GUR23 16140, 16218 − −7025 AluI H
GUR27 − − −7025 AluI H
GUR31 16209C, 16210, 16224 152C/T −7025 AluI H
GUR44 − 146 −7025 AluI H
GUR48 16148, 16256, 16304, 16390 − −7025 AluI H
GUR34 16093, 16129, 16223, 16391 73, 152C/T, 199, 204 +10032 AluI I
GUR39 16129, 16223, 16391 73, 199, 204 +10032 AluI I
GUR22 16069, 16126, 16193, 16300, 73, 152 −13704 Bst0I J
16309
GUR26 16066T, 16069, 16093, 73, 150, 152, 185 −13704 Bst0I J
16126, 16193
GUR2, 16129, 16148, 16168, 16172, 64, 93, 152, 185, +3592 HpaI, +11641 L1a
GUR15, 16187, 16188G, 16189, 16223, 189, 200 HaeIII
GUR63 16230, 16311, 16320
GUR8 16129, 16148, 16168, 16172, 64, 93, 185, 189, +3592 HpaI, +11641 L1a
16187, 16188G, 16189, 200 HaeIII
16223, 16230, 16294G,
16311, 16320
GUR18 16129, 16148, 16166, 16187, 73, 182, 195 +3592 HpaI, +10806 L1e
16189, 16223, 16278, 16290, HinfI, +12810 RsaI
16360, 16390
GUR32 16129, 16148, 16166, 73, 182, 195 +3592 HpaI, +10806 L1e
16187,16189, 16223, 16278, HinfI, +12810 RsaI
16290, 16311, 16360, 16390
GUR33 16183C, 16189, 16278, 73, 146, 152, 195 +3592 HpaI, +13803 L2a
16294,16390 HaeIII
GUR19 16223, 16311, 16362 73, 150 −2349 MboI, +8616 L3*
MboI, −10084 TaqI, −10394
DdeI, −10871 MnlI
GUR21 16104, 16181C, 16182C, 73, 146, 153 +10871 MnlI, −11718 HaeIII(b), L3*
16183C, 16189, 16311 −12308 HinfI(c)
GUR37 16126, 16214, 16231, 16311 73, 150, 195 +10394 DdeI, +10871 MnlI, L3*
−11718 HaeIII(b), −12308
HinfI(c)
GUR46 16169, 16193, 16195, 16266, 73, 150, 152 +10394 DdeI L3*
16301
GUR7 16093, 16120T, 16129, 73, 195 +10397 AluI M1
16183C, 16189, 16223,
16311, 16359
GUR14 16129, 16189, 16223, 16249, 73, 146, 195 +10397 AluI M1
16261, 16311, 16359
GUR20 16129, 16183C, 16189, 73, 195 +10397 AluI M1
16223, 16311, 16359
GUR12 16129, 16183C, 16189, ND (d) +10397 AluI M1
16223, 16249, 16311
GUR29 16189, 16223, 16292, 73, 195 +10397 AluI M1
16293C, 16311, 16359
GUR35 16085G, 16129, 16183C, 73, 195, 210C +10397 AluI M1
16189, 16223, 16249, 16311
GUR17, 16145, 16176G, 16223, 73, 152 +10237 HphI, +10871 N1b
GUR40 16390 MnlI
GUR28 16126, 16145, 16176G, 73, 152, 195 +10237 HphI, +10871 N1b
16223, 16390 MnlI
GUR3 16126, 16294, 16296, 16324 73, 195 +13366 BamHI T
GUR57 16126, 16146, 16172, 16239, 73, 146, 195 +13366 BamHI, +4216 NlaIII T3
Subject ID# HVS-I variation(a) HVS-II variation(a) Diagnostic RFLP markers Haplogroup
(a)Relative to the CRS (Anderson et al. 1981). Mutations are transitions unless the base change or an indel is specified explicitly. Nucleotide positions followed by C/T indicate heteroplasmy.
(b)Using the mismatched primer described in Richards et al. 2000.
(c)Using the mismatched primer described in Torroni et al. 1996.
(d)ND: Not determined.
The Gurna were Jews form Goshen or Thebes and they came to Egypt in the 18th Dynasty introduce eygpt to the Underworld and Osiris and Sekmet and Bestan the Cat People or Vampire at the city and Temples of Thebes were they came from 2800 D.C. in the 18th Dynasty of Amenhotep I when made contact with Babylonians or Sumerian Jewish people or the Gurna. The Gurna people have 16519, 73 and 195) or 73, 150, 195 which Jewish-Egyptian Markers the Gurna were the Rh negative Gurna jewish Pharaoh but they are the original ancestor of the Gypsy people who have
"Mitochondrial DNA Variability in Slovaks, with Application to the Roma Origin"
"Previously, we have found that the Polish Roma population is characterized by high incidence (18.8%) of haplogroup J1* lineage, defined by HVS I motif 16069–16126-16145–16222-16235–16261-16271 (Malyarchuk et al. 2006a). This and a similar haplotype, lacking only the 16271 transition, are very rare in European Roma populations, being found only in the Spanish, Bulgarian and Hungarian Roma (Gresham et al. 2001; Egyed et al. 2007).
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